Critical Path Method In Project Management

Critical Path is another technique to do the ScheduleDelaying activities on the critical path is as good as
Network Analysis.delaying the project duration!
Critical path is defined as the longest duration pathThere are 2 ways in which float of an activity can be
through a network diagram and determines thecalculated. But before that let me inform you that first
shortest time to complete the project. We will shortlystep in critical path method is to identify the Critical
learn on how to identify a critical path in a network.Path of the Network. Once the critical path is identified,
Float is another concept, which is quiet important incalculate the start date and end date of each of the
understanding the critical path. Float is calculated onceactivities on the critical path.
the network diagram is ready. There are three kind ofAs we have seen earlier, the float of the activities on
float that can be calculated. The first being the Totalthe critical path is zero…so they represent the overall
Float, which is the amount of time an activity can beproject duration. Now, that you know the Project
delayed without delaying the project end date or anduration.Either you can go through the network starting
intermediary milestone.with time zero and keep on calculating the time
The second type of float is Free Float which is therequired to complete each of the activity till you reach
amount of time an activity can be delayed withoutthe last activity of the Project. This is also called
delaying the early start date of its successor(s)Forward pass. The starting time for each of the
activities.activity in this approach is called “Early Start”
The last type is Project Float which is the amount ofand end time for each activity is called the “Early
time a Project can be delayed without delaying theFinish”.
externally imposed project completion date required byOr you can travel through the network from the
the customer or previously committed by the Projectproject end date and calculate the time required to
Manager.You can think of float as a cushion timecomplete each activity. This is called backward pass.
available to complete an activity. Float is also calledThe end date in this approach is called the Late Finish
slack.Now, let me ask you. What is the slack of theand the start date of the activity in this approach is
activities on the critical path? The answer is Zero.called the Late Start.
Because, there is no scope to delay activities in theThe float of the activity is either the difference
critical path. Critical Path actually represents thebetween the Early Start and Early finish or the
Project duration. They actually add together to thedifference between the Late Start and Late finish.
Project duration, so where is the scope for the delay?Both the differences work out to be the same.